Oracle正則表達式函數(shù):regexp_like、regexp_substr、regexp_instr、regexp_replace

2010-09-18 10:39:06來源:作者:

Oracle使用正則表達式離不開這4個函數(shù):

Oracle使用正則表達式離不開這4個函數(shù):

1。regexp_like

2。regexp_substr

3。regexp_instr

4。regexp_replace

看函數(shù)名稱大概就能猜到有什么用了。

regexp_like 只能用于條件表達式,和 like 類似,但是使用的正則表達式進行匹配,語法很簡單:

regexp_like_condition

regexp_substr 函數(shù),和 substr 類似,用于拾取合符正則表達式描述的字符子串,語法如下:

regexp_substr

regexp_instr 函數(shù),和 instr 類似,用于標定符合正則表達式的字符子串的開始位置,語法如下:

regexp_instr

regexp_replace 函數(shù),和 replace 類似,用于替換符合正則表達式的字符串,語法如下:

regexp_replace

這里解析一下幾個參數(shù)的含義:

1。source_char,輸入的字符串,可以是列名或者字符串常量、變量。

2。pattern,正則表達式。

3。match_parameter,匹配選項。

取值范圍: i:大小寫不敏感; c:大小寫敏感;n:點號 . 不匹配換行符號;m:多行模式;x:擴展模式,忽略正則表達式中的空白字符。

4。position,標識從第幾個字符開始正則表達式匹配。

5。occurrence,標識第幾個匹配組。

6。replace_string,替換的字符串。

說了一堆文縐縐的,現(xiàn)在開始實例演練了,在此之前先建好一個表。

01 create table tmp as

02 with data as (

03   select 'like' as id ,'a9999' as str from dual union all

04   select 'like'       ,'a9c'          from dual union all

05   select 'like'       ,'A7007'        from dual union all

06   select 'like'       ,'123a34cc'     from dual union all

07   select 'substr'     ,'123,234,345'  from dual union all

08   select 'substr'     ,'12,34.56:78'  from dual union all

09   select 'substr'     ,'123456789'    from dual union all

10   select 'instr'      ,'192.168.0.1'  from dual union all

11   select 'replace'    ,'(020)12345678' from dual union all

12   select 'replace'    ,'001517729C28' from dual

13 )

14 select * from data ;

15

16 select * from tmp ;

17 ID      STR

18 ------- -------------

19 like    a9999

20 like    a9c

21 like    A7007

22 like    123a34cc

23 substr  123,234,345

24 substr  12,34.56:78

25 substr  123456789

26 instr   192.168.0.1

27 replace (020)12345678

28 replace 001517729C28

regexp_like 例子:

01 select str from tmp where id='like' and regexp_like(str,'A\d+','i'); -- 'i' 忽略大小寫

02 STR

03 -------------

04 a9999

05 a9c

06 A7007

07 123a3

4cc

 

08

09 select str from tmp where id='like' and regexp_like(str, 'a\d+');

10 STR

11 -------------

12 a9999

13 a9c

14 123a34cc

15

16 select str from tmp where id='like' and regexp_like(str,'^a\d+');

17 STR

18 -------------

19 a9999

20 a9c

21

22 select str from tmp where id='like' and regexp_like(str,'^a\d+$');

23 STR

24 -------------

25 a9999

regexp_substr 例子:

01 col str format a15;

02 select

03   str,

04   regexp_substr(str,'[^,]+')     str,

05   regexp_substr(str,'[^,]+',1,1) str,

06   regexp_substr(str,'[^,]+',1,2) str,  -- occurrence 第幾個匹配組

07   regexp_substr(str,'[^,]+',2,1) str   -- position 從第幾個字符開始匹配

08 from tmp

09 where id='substr';

10 STR             STR             STR             STR             STR

11 --------------- --------------- --------------- --------------- ---------------

12 123,234,345     123             123             234             23

13 12,34.56:78     12              12              34.56:78        2

14 123456789       123456789       123456789                       23456789

15

16 select

17   str,

18   regexp_substr(str,'\d')        str,

19   regexp_substr(str,'\d+'  ,1,1) str,

20   regexp_substr(str,'\d{2}',1,2) str,

21   regexp_substr(str,'\d{3}',2,1) str

22 from tmp

23 where id='substr';

24 STR             STR             STR             STR             STR

25 --------------- --------------- --------------- --------------- ---------------

26 123,234,345     1               123             23              234

27 12,34.56:78     1               12              34

28 123456789       1               123456789       34              234

29

30

31 select regexp_substr('123456789','\d',1,level) str  --取出每位數(shù)字,有時這也是行轉(zhuǎn)列的方式

32 from dual

33 connect by level<=9

34 STR

35 ---------------

36 1

37 2

38 3

39 4

40 5

41 6

42 7

43 8

44 9

regex_instr 例子:

01 col ind format 9999;

02 select

03   str,

04   regexp_instr(str,'\.'    ) ind ,

05   regexp_instr(str,'\.',1,2) ind ,

06   regexp_instr(str,'\.',5,2) ind

07 from tmp where id='instr';

08 STR               IND   IND   IND

09 --------------- ----- ----- -----

10 192.168.0.1         4     8    10

11

12 select

13   regexp_instr('192.168.0.1','\.',1,level) ind ,  -- 點號. 所在的位置

14   regexp_instr('192.168.0.1','\d',1,level) ind    -- 每個數(shù)字的位置

15 from dual

16 connect by level <=  9

17   IND   IND

18 ----- -----

19     4     1

20     8     2

21    10     3

22     0     5

23     0     6

24     0     7

25     0     9

26     0    11

27     0     0

regex_replace 例子:

01 select

02   str,

03   regexp_replace(str,'020','GZ') str,

04   regexp_replace(str,'(\d{3})(\d{3})','<\2\1>') str -- 將第一、第二捕獲組交換位置,用尖括號標識出來

05 from tmp

06 where id='replace';

07 STR             STR             STR

08 --------------- --------------- ---------------

09 (020)12345678   (GZ)12345678    (020)<456123>78

10 001517729C28    001517729C28    <517001>729C28

綜合應(yīng)用的例子:

01 col row_line format a30;

02 with sudoku as (

03   select '020000080568179234090000010030040050040205090070080040050000060289634175010000020' as line

04   from dual

05 ),

06 tmp as (

07   select regexp_substr(line,'\d{9}',1,level) row_line,

08   level col

09   from sudoku

10   connect by level<=9

11 )

12 select regexp_replace( row_line ,'(\d)(\d)(\d)(\d)(\d)(\d)(\d)(\d)(\d)','\1 \2 \3 \4 \5 \6 \7 \8 \9') row_line

13 from tmp

14

15 ROW_LINE

16 ------------------------------

17 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 8 0

18 5 6 8 1 7 9 2 3 4

19 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 1 0

20 0 3 0 0 4 0 0 5 0

21 0 4 0 2 0 5 0 9 0

22 0 7 0 0 8 0 0 4 0

23 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 6 0

24 2 8 9 6 3 4 1 7 5

25 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 0

關(guān)鍵詞:Oracle

贊助商鏈接: